.... In Entombment for example, Cigoli displayed Joseph and Nicodemus holding a crown of thorns and nails in order to help us understand that this scene takes place directly after they took Christ down from the cross. In the Adoration of the Shepherds, Cigoli probably painted the star above so people would assume it is the star of Bethelham which the shepherds followed to see Christ which is what the scene is about. This style is very appropriate for the time because organizations like the Council of Trent wanted people to understand the subject of the paintings without having to think mu .....

.... is thinking, he believes that 'whatever thinks must exist' and therefore that he logically concludes that he exists. Furthermore Descartes is convinced that he exists since there is a God deceiving him about his existence which could only be done if he did exist. "But there is a deceiver of supreme power and cunning who is deliberately and constantly deceiving me. In that case I too undoubtedly exist, if he is deceiving me; and let him deceive me as much as he can, he will never bring it about that I am nothing so long as I think that I am something. So after considering everything very t .....

.... and in 1476 he was still considered Verrocchios assistant. In 1478 Leonardo became an independent master. His first commission, to paint an altarpiece for the chapel of the plazzo vecchio, the Florentine town hall, was never executed. The period of Italian art in which lived is called high Renaissance. In the course of the fifteenth century a long chain of early Renaissance artists, mainly of Florentine decent, had concentrated on a visual as well as theoretical conquest of nature. Their work formed the basis for a great idealistic style, which began to emerge from about 1490 onwards an .....

.... American soil was threatened directly. Thus the provisional neutrality act passed the senate by seventy-nine votes to two in 1935. On August 31, Roosevelt signed it into law. In 1936 the law was renewed, and in 1937 a “comprehensive and permanent” neutrality act was passed (Overy 259). The desire to avoid “foreign entanglements” of all kinds had been an American foreign policy for more than a century. A very real “geographical Isolation” permitted the United States to “fill up the empty lands of North America free from the threat of foreign conflict”(Churchill 563). .....

.... of the party during its first decade. The Nazis now presented themselves as the party of the young, the strong, and the pure, in opposition to an establishment populated by the elderly, the weak, and the dissolute. Hitler was born in a small town in Austria in 1889. As a young boy, he showed little ambition. After dropping out of high school, he moved to Vienna to study art, but he was denied the chance to join Vienna academy of fine arts. When WWI broke out, Hitler joined Kaiser Wilhelmer's army as a Corporal. He was not a person of great importance. He was a creature of .....

.... Sifton was appointed as Minister of the Interior at the start of an economic recovery. Sifton believed that "a stalwart peasant in sheep skin coat" made the most desirable immigrant , and set out to attract people suited for farming, In 1896, 16,835 immigrants entered Canada. When Sifton left in 1905, the population was 141,464. It rocketed to 400,970 by 1913. Some three million newcomers arrived between 1896 and the outbreak of World War 1. But Sifton’s policies triggered criticism, despite success in attracting farmers. Immigration from central and southeastern Europe raised a gr .....

.... marched into Mesopotamia to meet an army Darius III, Persia’s king, had assembled. Once again Alexander and his army broke the Persian line and Darius was forced to flee. Eventually in 330 B.C.E., in a series of brilliant battles, Alexander destroyed the power of Darius III and took his lands and titles for himself. He might have stopped then, rich in glory and plunder. But his thirst for fame and his questing sprit drove him on. For seven more years he fought his way up from mountain to mountain, from city to city, from the steppes of Russia to the valley of Indus, .....

.... English people inhabited the land for 200 years. Eventually, the Turks recaptured several important cities and a second Crusade was called for. This time, two kings led their armies to take back the land. This Crusade and sever others to follow failed. The Turks kept the land. Though England did not regain the land the Turks had taken, the Crusades were not a complete failure. Because of the Crusades, trade increased, new lands were explored, new weapons were discovered, many other changes occurred. The Crusades increased the demand for rice and other foods. Europeans also discove .....

.... that encompasses both sides. The definition of American exceptionalism is as ill defined as the philosophy itself, stemming from centuries of writings that convey more of an overtone than a tangible explication. Yet, Lipset has no trouble asserting that American exceptionalism takes the form of "liberty, egalitarianism, individualism, populism, and laissez-faire," all characteristics of Americans, from the revolutionary period to modern times. Thomas Massaro, a -reviewer of Lipset's obviously controversial book American Exceptionalism: A Double-Edged Sword, paraphrases Lipset simply: " .....

.... time were very harsh, unyielding, and quick to judge. They condemned innocent women on the basis of intangible evidence, confessions, and such things as "witchmarks" (Hill). As Dorcas Hoar said, "I will speak the truth as long as I live" (Salem Home Page). Nine year old Betty Parris and eleven year old Abigail Williams, the daughter and niece of Reverend Parris, were the first to start to display signs of strange behavior. Some of this behavior included profane screaming, convulsive seizures, trance-like stages, and unexplainable animal-like noises. Shortly after this, ot .....